<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">三、相机的操作</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">、握机姿势:双手握住相机,双臂紧贴身体,使得相机、双臂、身体形成一个三角型,双脚呈前后状,身体千万不要僵硬,如能坐在矮凳上或身体靠在墙上那是最好。按快门时手指要快而柔,这样可尽量减少机震,这也是获得清晰照片的前提。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">、光线:摄影是一门计算光线的学问,先说一个专业词汇:曝光值(照片的明暗度)</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">=</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">快门速度</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">+</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">光圈值</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">+ISO</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(具体内容下面再说明)。由于鱼缸中一般光线不足(与室外自然光相比较),建议您在拍鱼时首先把鱼缸中的灯全部打开,不够时可临时拉个台灯作辅助光,灯光颜色以白色为主,可适当加少量蓝光或红光作调色光,不过不可太多,否则会显得不自然。同时灯光的安排应该前亮后暗,这样可过滤掉杂乱的背景,拍出的鱼会很醒目。记住,明亮的光线对您拍鱼是非常非常有帮助的。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">、构图:每次拍鱼前可以先确定一个主题,是拍鱼缸的全景还是局部,是拍鱼的特写或者鱼的一组生活照,比如炫耀、发情、繁殖、抢食等等,这样拍出来的照片会有一条主线贯穿其中,不会显得很零乱,使观赏者一目了然。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">、快门速度:这点对拍摄运动的鱼是最重要的,不要用傻瓜方式,这对拍鱼简直就象是摸彩,成功率会很低。要把您的相机设置成快门优先方式(手动),快门不低于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1/60</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">秒,低于这个速度即使鱼静止不动,您也很难拍出清晰的照片(机震,手的晃动)。当然如果您有一双铁手而您的爱鱼同时也非常配合的话,也可试着把快门降低到</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1/20</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">秒。我有一组奇果马蓝剑沙的照片,由于没用闪光灯(觉得失真),曝光严重不足,快门只能降低到</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1/20-1/30</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">秒,其结果是出片率只有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">10%</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">左右,但照片非常理想,很逼真自然。理论上快门速度是越高越好,但由于太高的快门会使得曝光不足(照片混暗),一般情况下能达到</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1/160-1/200</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">秒已非常不错了,只要鱼不是高速游动,这个快门速度拍出的照片都不会太模糊。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">、光圈:当您手动设置好快门速度后,相机会自动匹配一个合适的光圈。把相机对准鱼的时候,如果您稍微细心观察光圈,会发现大多数情况下光圈会自动调整到最大,同时您半按下快门按钮时,相机会很善意地提醒您曝光不准确(不足),这时您可先试着拍摄几张照片,然后通过</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">LED</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">回放察看照片是否曝光准确,如太暗可降低快门</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">到</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">档,直到曝光准确为止。实际上,由于拍鱼时光圈一般始终是自动开到最大,您可以当光圈是固定不变就行了。</span></p><p></p>
[此贴子已经被作者于2008-1-9 13:58:51编辑过] |